1. SANDHIMUKTA (DISLOCATION OF BONY JOINTS )

Urpista , vislista, vivartita, avaksipta, atiksipta, and tiryak ksipta –are its six kinds.

SAMANYA LAKSANA – (general signs and symptoms )

Inability to perform actions such as extension, contraction, rotation and vigorous (quick ) movements, severe pain and inability to withstand touch (guarding) – are the general symptoms of dislocations.

Visesa laksana-specific symptoms of each kind-

1-In Utpista – Specific symptoms are – appearance of swelling on both the sides of the joint and pain , different kinds fo pain appearing especially at nights.

2-In Vislista- swelling is slight, pain is continuous (at both day and night ) and improper functioning of the joint.

3-In Vivartita- joint is shifted to any one di resulting in distortion of the part and pain.

4-In Avaksipta- drooping down (ptosis) of the joint and pain

5-In Atipksipta- both the (two) bones forming the joints are moved apart (making a gap in between) and pain.

6-In Tiryak ksipta- any one bone of the joint only is displaced to a side and produces pain.