Leech application in Indralupta (Alopecia Areata)

     Rakta mokshana is one of the pancha karmas. A number of diseases which are otherwise incurable can easily be cured through Rakta mokshana. Sushruta has developed this as a specialized technique out of which Jaloukavacharana has gained tremendous popularity even today. The leeches are known as jaloukas. A leech has got an anti-coagulant chemical called Hirudin. Thus a leech by sucking the blood sends out this hirudin which prevents the patient’s blood from coagulation. And thus the leech can suck large amounts of impure blood without any problem. Leeches are applied in several inflammatory conditions like arthritis, joint swelling, traumatic hyperaemia, haematoma, trachoma, etc. I have seen an excellent effect of jaloukavacharana on a disease called Indralupta. It is considered as kshudraroga in Ayurveda. This disease is characterized by alopecia with subsequent loss of hair growth on a particular area of head. Use of Jaloukavacharan on that specific part of Indralupta with use of shaman chikitsa thereafter gave the fruitful effect to the patient. .   

Basti karma an important procedure of Panchkarma

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Pharmaco-dynamics of Basti :

•       As per modern medical science in basti or enema, drug is administered by transrectal route.

•       The rectum has rich blood and lymph supply.

•        Drug can cross rectal mucosa like other lipid membranes,

•       Thus by entering in general circulation , basti drugs can act on whole body.

•       Action of basti in body follows  ‘laws of osmosis’

•       Niruha Basti is hyper osmotic – It facilitates absorption of morbid substances from blood into gut. And helps there expulsion.

•       Whereas Anuvaasan Basti is hypo-osmotic

    And hence gets absorbed in the blood. and helps in nourishment of body.

•       Electrolyte help in ionic exchange

•       Basti acts through collaboration between enteric nervous system and central nervous system.

•       Internal viscera are highly supplied with nerve fiber of Autonomic Nervous System which in turn has connection with CNS

•        Basti causes visceral afferent stimulation .hence activates hypothalamus, pitutary, adrenal and ANS ,

•       Thus it increases secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters.

•       Sneha Basti flourishes normal bacterial       flora,thus it increases  endogenous synthesis of vitamin B12 and Vitamin K .

•          Sneha Basti causes increments in fatty acids and proteins hence gives nourishment to body.

•           Bruhan basti like ksheer basti increases phospholipid levels.

     Phospholipids form cell membranes and hence give stability to cells

oÉÎxiÉ xÉÉkrÉ ÌuÉMüÉU ;

•       xÉuÉÉïÇaÉ LMüÉÇaÉ uÉÉiÉ UÉåaÉ  {Various neuromuscular disorders }

•       uÉÉiÉ mÉÔUÏwÉ qÉ賈 xÉÇaÉ   (constipation, unsatisfactory micturation)

•       ESÉuÉiÉï  (abdominal bloating ,belching )

•       M×üÍqÉMüÉ帠 (intestinal worm infestation)

•       mÉ׸zÉÔsÉç,MüÌOûzÉÔsÉç ,eÉÉlÉÑzÉÔsÉ, ( spondylosis  , osteoarthritis)

•       mÉÉwhÉÏïzÉÔsÉ , mÉëmÉÉSzÉÔsÉ  (plantar fasciitis, calcaneal spurs )

•       uÉÉiÉU£ü (gout and various inflammatory arthritis )

•       zÉÉåwÉ,qÉÉÇxɤÉrÉ  (muscular dystrophy and atrophy)

•       mɤÉÉbÉÉiÉ , AÌSïiÉ (hemiplagia)

•       AÎxjɤÉrÉ  osteoporosis osteomalasia

•       UeÉ:¤ÉrÉ scanty menses, P.C.O.D.  Infertility

•       zÉÑ¢ü¤ÉrÉ (oligospermia,azoospermia,decreased sperm motility) 

•       obesity and various endocrine disorders like hypothyroidism         

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Mode of action:

Madhu : kashaya madhura, rooksha, chedi,

                  raktapittahar, vishahar, yogawaahi,

                   sookshma, maarganusaari

•       Action :

             - Catalytic

             - increase osmotic permeability

             -  penetrates minute capilaries

             -  Hygroscopic

             -  Antibacterial

             -  Antioxidant

             -  Instant energizer                  

•       Saindhav :

         Madhura vipaki, tridosh har, laghu,     

         Anushnam

          Avidaahi, Agnideepanam

Action:

         - regulates acid alkaline balance

         - maintains osmosis

         -  removes excess acidity

         -  generates hydroelectric energies in cells

             And enhances nerve cell communication

•       Sneham :

         -  To administer medicine in waata sthana   

             sneha is essential

         -   lubricates colon

         -   softens mala

         -   helps to eleminate dosha and mala

             Without strain

         -  Taila: vaat kapha har

         -  Ghruta : vaat pittahar

•       Kalka :

        -   increases potency of whole combination

        -   helps to disintigrate mala by increasing   

            Osmotic permeability of solution

        -   kalka causes distention and irritation of   

            Colon and hence helps in removal of morbid Substances.

        -   Dehydration results if quantity of kalka is  Increased      

 kwatha :

          -  helps to maintain fluid volume

          -  helps in spreading and cleansing

          -  Anulomana and Nirharana

•       AlÉÑuÉÉxÉlÉ oÉÎxiÉ :

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•       qÉɧÉÉ oÉÎxiÉ :MüÌlÉrÉxÉÏ qÉɧÉÉ : 1 1/2 mÉsÉ : 60ÍqÉÍsÉ

•       oÉÎxiÉ SÉlÉ ÌlÉrÉqÉ :

       oÉÎxiÉ SÉlÉ MüÉsÉ

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VARIOUS SKIN DISEASES AND RELATED FACTS

1.   Skin Cancer

•              Actinic keratosis: red, pink, or rough patch of skin on sun-exposed areas

•              Basal cell carcinoma: raised, waxy, pink bumps

•              Squamous cell carcinoma: red, scaly, rough skin lesions, typically on sun-exposed areas such as the hands, head, neck, lips, and ears

•              Melanoma: asymmetrically shaped moles or lesions with irregular borders, or change in color or diameter

2.   Lupus

•              Fatigue, headaches, fever, and swollen or painful joints

•              Disc-shaped rash that doesn’t itch or hurt

•              Scaly red patches or ring shapes

•              Sunburn-like rash that spreads across the nose and both cheeks

3.   Rubeola (Measles)

•              Fever, cough, and runny nose

•              Reddish-brown rash spreads down the body three to five days after first symptoms appear

•              Tiny red spots with blue-white centers inside the mouth

4.   Acne

•              Papules: small red, raised bumps caused by infected hair follicles

•              Pustules: small, red pimples that have pus at their tips

•              Nodules: solid, painful lumps beneath the surface of the skin

•              Cysts: painful, pus-filled infections found beneath the skin

5.   Hemangioma of Skin

•              Usually appear on the neck or face of infants

•              Small, red scratch or bump that eventually begins to protrude

•              Most disappear from the skin by age 10

6.   Cold Sore

•              Red, fluid-filled blisters that appear near the mouth

•              Your lips will often tingle or burn before the sore is visible

•              The sore is painful or tender to the touch

7.   Psoriasis

•              Plaque: thick red patches of skin

•              Guttate: small red spots on the torso, limbs, face, and scalp

•              Inverse: a red, shiny, smooth rash in skin folds

•              Pustular: white pustules surrouned by red skin

•              Erythrodermic: resembles severe burns and covers large portions of the body

8.   Rosacea

•              Subtype one: flushing, redness, and broken blood vessels

•              Subtype two: acne-like breakouts, redness, and oily skin

•              Subtype three: bumpy skin, thick skin on nose, chin, forehead, cheeks, and ears

•              Subtype four: bloodshot, watery, dry, and itchy eyes

9.   Seborrheic Eczema

•              Yellow or white scaly patches that flake off

•              Affected areas may be red, itchy, greasy, or oily

•              Hair loss may occur in the area with the rash

10.               Vitiligo

•              Loss of pigment in the skin

•              Focal pattern: loss of skin color in only a few small areas

•              Segmental pattern: depigmentation on one side of the body

•              Premature graying of scalp and facial hai

11.               Warts

•              Common warts: rough, grainy appearance and rounded top

•              Plantar warts: small hole in the bottom of your foot surrounded by hardened skin

•              Flat warts: flat top that may be pink, brown, or slightly yellow

12.               Necrotizing Fasciitis

•              Warm, red skin and sore muscles

•              Small, painful red bump develops and eventually grows and becomes more painful

•              Oozing, discolored skin

•              Lesions may appear

13.               Cutaneous Candidiasis

•              Usually occurs in skin folds (armpits, between fingers)

•              Can be white or red

•              Progresses to cracked, sore skin with blisters and pustules

14.               Carbuncle

•              Red, irritated lump under your skin

•              Body aches and fatigue

•              Fever, skin crustiness, or oozing

15.               Cellulitis

•              Bacteria enter through a crack or cut in the skin

•              Red, sore, with swelling that spreads quickly

•              Hot and tender to the touch

16.               Hypohidrosis

•              Minimal perspiration

•              Dizziness, flushed appearance

•              Muscle cramps or weakness

•              Feeling overly hot

17.               Impetigo

•              Common in children

•              Itchy rash and fluid-filled blisters that pop easily

•              Swollen lymph nodes

18.               Cutis Laxa

•              Rare, inherited skin condition

•              Loose, wrinkled skin

•              Varying severity of poor muscle tone, fragile bones, developmental delays

19.               Decubitus Ulcer

•              Common among people who spend long periods in bed or a wheelchair

•              Hips, heels, and other bony areas are most vulnerable

•              Skin discoloration, infection, and open skin

20.               Erysipelas

•              Red, swollen, warm, painful area of skin with raised edge

•              Blisters on the affected area

•              Generally feeling unwel

21.               Diaper Rash

•              Near the diaper area

•              Skin looks red and irritated

•              Warm to the touch

22.               Dyshidrotic Eczema

•              Blisters on fingers, toes, hands, or feet

•              Blisters are usually fluid-filled and itchy

•              Blisters will dry and turn to skin cracks after several weeks

23.               Canker Sore

•              An open, painful mouth ulcer

•              White or yellowish and surrounded by red, inflamed soft tissue

•              Usually located on the inside of the cheek or lip

Herpes Stomatitis

o   Multiple blisters on the gums, palate, cheeks, tongue, or lip border

o   Difficulty eating, drinking, and swallowing

o   Drooling, pain, and swollen gums

24.               Fungal Nail Infection

Ø    Scaling under the nail

Ø    Flaking white areas on the nail’s surface

Ø    Crumbling corner or tip of the nail

25.               Ichthyosis Vulgaris

Ø    Polygon-shaped brown, gray, or white scales

Ø    Dry, itchy, thickened skin

Ø    Flaky scalp

26.               Dermatomyositis

Ø    Red or violet rash on the face, chest, nails, or elbows

Ø    Muscle weakness that starts in the neck, arms, or hips

Ø    Most common between the ages of 5 and 15 or 40 and 60

27.               Molluscum Contagiosum

Ø    Bumps that may appear in a patch of up to 20

Ø    Small, shiny, and smooth

Ø    flesh-colored, white, or pink

Ø    firm and dome-shaped with a dent or dimple in the middle

28.               Ingrown Nails

Ø    Skin next to the nail becomes tender, swollen, or hard

Ø    pain, bleeding, or oozing pus

Ø    overgrowth of skin around to

29.               Sebaceous Cyst

Ø    found on the face, neck, or torso

Ø    large cysts may cause pressure and pain

Ø    very slow-growing

30.               Seborrheic Keratosis

Ø    start out as small, rough areas

Ø    develop thick, wart-life surfaces over time

Ø    usually oval-shaped and brown

31.               Pilonidal Sinus

Ø    symptoms aren’t very noticeable until an infection occurs

Ø    pain when sitting or standing

Ø    swelling of the cyst

Ø    reddened, sore skin around the area

32.               Keloid

Ø    symptoms occur at the site of a previous injury

Ø    lumpy or rigid area of skin

Ø    Area that is flesh-colored, pink, or red

33.               Lichen Planus

Ø    purplish-colored bumps with flat tops (mostly found on the wrist, inner forearm, or ankles)

Ø    lesions that develop and spread over the course of two weeks to a few months

Ø    itching, blisters, and white lines over the rash

Ø    lesions in the mouth, which may burn or be painful

34.               Actinic Keratosis

Ø    known as "age" spots

Ø    skin patches that are brown, tan, gray, or pink

Ø    appear on parts of the body that receive a lot of sun exposure (hands, arms, face, scalp, and neck)

Ø    thick, scaly, or crusty skin patches

35.               Stasis Dermatitis and Leg Ulcers

Ø    Skin appears thin and itches

Ø    can crack and ooze fluid

Ø    skin thickens and appears brown and lumpy in later stages

Ø    ulcer forms in final stages

36.               Corns and Calluses

Ø    small, round circles of thick skin

Ø    commonly found on the tops and sides of toes and soles of feet

Ø    caused by friction and pressure

37.               Eczema

Ø    itchy, dry, rough, flaky, inflamed, and irritated skin

Ø    Red or brownish-gray patches

Ø    small, raised bumps that ooze fluid when scratched

38.               Tinea Versicolor

Ø    discolored skin patches

Ø    lighter or darker than the surrounding skin

Ø    dry, itchy, and scaly

Ø    more prominent with tanning

39.               Pemphigoid

Ø    Red rash followed by fluid-filled blisters

Ø    blisters are thick and don’t rupture easily

Ø    ruptured blisters are sensitive and painful

40.               Mouth Ulcers

Ø    Small lesions that develop in your mouth

Ø    minor sores are small and oval-shaped

Ø    major sores have irregular edges

41.               Shingles

Ø    Itchy, red patches with fluid-filled blisters that break easily

Ø    Rash that wraps around the spine and torso

Ø    May be accompanied with fever, chills, headache, or fatigue