Basti is one of
the most powerful of all the main five procedures of Panchakarma. Charaka as well as many other Ayurvedic scholars have unanimously praised the features of Basti.
Basti is said to be equal to half of all the Ayurvedic treatments.
Basti is the
introduction of herbal decoctions and medicated oils into the colon through the
rectum. While it directly affects the colon, it is not a localized or
symptomatic treatment. It is a highly specialized procedure aimed to achieve a
therapeutic goal and must be carried out in hospital settings by an expert.
In
today’s developing world there are lots changes in the eating habits and the
lifestyle. Due to which its ill effects are seen on the body and out of which
hair is affected the most. And hair fall has erupted as a major problem.
Acharya Shusruta had said in his
Shushruta Samhita that the Drusthi and the lomkupa never grow throughout
lifetime but hairs and nail do. Acharya Charaka has also mentioned in his text
that hairs are the mala of Asthi Dahtu. Acharya Sharanagdhara has mentioned
that kesha, loma are the updhatu of Majja Dhatu.
Acharya
vagbhata said that Asthidhara kala reside on Pakwashaya and pakwashaya is the
main Stahana of vata and Basti is the main treatment of Vata Dusti. Panchtiktaksheer
Basti provides nourishment to Asthidhatu after that mala of Asthi (hair) also
get nourishment and improved hair fall.
Presently available modern medication for
alopecia is causing many side and toxic
effect and when we stop the medication hair fall increases and it is requires
long term medication or life time which suppresses immunity and produces other
diseases like libido.
Hence there is a need to find such a
therapy which gives better relief without any side or toxic effect and also
natural, cost effective and easily available. hence the Ayurvedic Basti and
other supportive treatment required for this Asthi Vikara like that alopecia.
Key words –khalitya, panchtikt kscheer Grita Basti
Introduction
It
is said that face is the mirror of our personality and it should be maintained
from the hairstyle we keep.
The
most who are affected with this problem is the young population not only men
but also women’s. And people are spending lots of money to get rid of this
problem but all in vain. In our ancient ayurvedic Granthas it is said that hair
and nail are the Malas of the Asthi Dhatu ie they develop from the Asthi Dhatu.
Acharya
Charak said that main treatment of Asthivikaras is Panchtikta Sidhha Basti. So
this study a small effort to find out
role of Panchtikta ksheer Basti along with other supportive treatment in the
management of hair loss.
CAUSES OF HAIR FALL:-
Ayurveda
1)
Virudh aahara vihara
2)
Pitta vardhaka aahara vihara
3)
Hina, mithya, and aatiyoga of aahara, nidra and bhramachaya.
4)
Consuming polluted water
5)
Living in polluted environment
6)
Non application of oil on the scalp
7)
Consumption of dushi visha
Modern
1)
Fungal infection (tinia capitis)
2)
Ulcerative colitis
3)
Vit B12, iron, zinc, biotin and also vit e deficiency
4)
Over dosage of vit A
5)
Lack of vit B6 and folic acid in food
6)
Rheumatoid arthritis
7)
Thyroid dysfunction
8)
Vitiligo
9)
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
10)
Systemic lupus erthrematus
11)
Psychological stress
12)
Nutrition
13)
Seborhhic dermatitis
14)
Hormonal imbalance
15)
Folliculitis
16)
Secondary syphilis and
usage of drugs like warfarin and heparin
17)
Usage of contraceptive pills antihypertensive drugs and anti
diabetic drugs.
18)
Anemia
19)
Long term usage of steroids
20)
Over usage of shampoo containing Selenium.
Ayurvedic Concept
and Samprapti of khalitya-
Acharya Sushruta have mentioned about hair
fall in sushruta samhita nidan sthan there are three stages
1)
Khalitya (alopecia totalis)
2)
Palitya (whitening of hairs)
3)
Indralupta (hair fall in patches ie alopecia areata)
“Romakupanugam
pittam vaaten saha murchitam |
Prachyavayati romani
tata: shleshma sahshonitam||
Runadhi romkupanstu
taato anyesham sambhav|
Tad indraluptam
khalitya rujyeti ch vibhajyate||”. Su. Ni. 11
The meaning of
the above phrase is that when the vaata Dosha get vitiated along with Pitta
Dosha it goes into the Romkupam ie the hair follicles and which results in hair
fall. The next pathology that occurs is that the Rakta Dosha along with the
kapha Dosha goes in the romkupas whish cause the romkupas to close
Which ultimately
results in non growth of hair from that respective follicle. This disease is
known as indralupta, khalitya, or rujya.
Strotasa
that get involved in the following pathology.
1)
Swedawaha strotasa
2)
Asthivaha strotasa
3)
Majjavaha strotasa
4)
Rasavaha strotasa
5)
Purishvaha strotasa
Modern
concept:-
Alopecia is a condition in which there is a
loss of hair from head and body. Alopecia can refer to general hair loss or
male pattern baldness. In a normal individual there are 1 to 1.5 lakh of hairs.
Mainly there are
two types of alopecia
1)
Scarring
2)
Non scarring
1)
Scarring: - The type of baldness the hair fall in which the hairs
fall with the follicle and is known as scarring alopecia . In this type of
baldness there is no chance of hairs growing back after falling.
2)
Non scarring:- The type of baldness in which only the hairs falls
and not the follicles so there is a chance that the hairs grow again. The main
cause of non scarring baldness is Telogen effluvium.
In women the
ovarian and adrenal gland dysfunction causes the hairs to fall.
WAY
TO GROW:-
Hair grow in three different
cycles
1)
Anagen
2)
Catagen
3)
Telogen
About 90% of the hair
of the head is in the anagen or the growing phase, which last for anywhere from
2 to 8 years. The catagen or the transition phase typically last for 2 to 3
weeks during which the follicles shrink. During the telogen cycle which last
for around 2 to 4 months the hair rests.
Hairs grow about
6 inches a year for most people. In a normal individual hair falling of 100 to
150 hairs per day is a normal thing but more than 150 per day hair e fall would
indicate there is a problem.
Drug review –
Panchatikta Grita ksheer Basti-
Panchatikta Gritaksheera
Basti was described by Chakra and vagbhhata, as very safe and effective in Asthi
vikara like osteoporosis etc.
Indication –
ASTHIKSHAYA
Content and dose of panchtiktagritakscheera basti-
1-Makchika -20ml
2-Saindhava lawan -2gm
3-Panchtikta Grita -20ml
4-Panchtikta ksheera paka -50ml
Total -120ml
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Material
and methods:
The present clinical study is a case study. The aim of the
clinical study is to
evaluate the effect of panchatikta Grita ksheera Basti and oral use of other
ayurvedic supportive treatment in the patients
suffering from alopecia.
Material: 1-panchatikta Grita ksheera Basti
2- kukkutand twak bhashama
2) Rubber catheter
4) Glycerine syringe ect.
Method
Study was carried out over a period of 1yr in
M.A. Podar Ayurved hospital, Worli Mumba. Total 15 selected Patients of the
male sex between the ages 20 to 40 year with condition of alopecia (khalitya)
were selected on the basis of selection criteria.
In
Group-A panchatikta ksheera Basti and in Group-B Panchatikta Grita kshheera Basti along with oral administration of kukkutand
twaka Bhasma 500 mg. BD was given after meal.
At the
time of baseline assessment, a profile of heamogram, biochemical investigations
Serum calcium
Serum alkaline phosphatise was obtained
Duration of treatment in 3 cycle-14 days and
15 days gap was given after each cycle.
Follow-up:
monthly once for 3 months
Preparation of Basti Dravya-
10 gm of panchatikta bharad was taken and 200ml water was added to
it and boiled up to only 100ml left.50milk was added to it and again boiled up
to the only kwatha left. After that 20 ml Panchatikta Grita , 2gm Saindhav
lavana and 20ml Madhu was added. This mixture will be used as Basti Dravya.
Time of administration- After lunch.
Mode of action of Basti-
As
per modern medical science in Basti or enema, drug is administered by
transrectal route. The rectum has rich blood and lymph supply.
Drug
can cross rectal mucosa like other lipid membranes, thus by entering in general
circulation, Basti drugs can act on whole body. Action of Basti in body follows
‘laws of osmosis’ Niruha Basti is hyper osmotic – It facilitates
absorption of morbid substances from blood into gut. And helps there expulsion.
Whereas Anuvaasan Basti is hypo-osmotic and hence gets absorbed in the blood. And
helps in nourishment of body. Electrolyte help in ionic exchange Basti acts through collaboration between enteric
nervous system and central nervous system. Internal viscera are highly supplied with nerve fiber
of Autonomic Nervous System which in turn has connection with CNS
Basti causes visceral afferent stimulation
.hence activates hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal and ANS, Thus it increases
secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters.
Sneha
Basti flourishes normal bacterial flora, thus it increases endogenous synthesis
of vitamin B12 and Vitamin- K.
Sneha
Basti causes increments in fatty acids and proteins hence give nourishment to
body. Bruhan Basti like ksheer Basti increases phospholipids levels.
Phospholipids form cell membranes and hence give stability to cells
Criteria for selection of patient-
A) Inclusion criteria:-
1) Sex – Male
2) Age group -20 to 40 years
3) Patients having sign and symptoms of alopecia.
4) Patient fit for Basti.
B) Exclusion criteria:-
.
1) Above 40yr age and below 20yr.
2) Patient not fit for Basti.
3) Alopecia totalis
4) Drug induced alopecia,
5) patient with hormone therapy
6) chemotherapy
AYURVEDIC LINE OF TREATMENT
1.pachana and deepan
2.snehan and swedan
3.panchakarma (virechana)
4.nasya (yastimadhu tail).
5.basti (panch tikta kshir)
6.dhumpan
7.shirodhara
8.Rasayana chikitasa 9.Abha
Guggul
MODERN
LINE OF TREATMENT
The management of
baldness is a multidisciplinary effort that spans the medical, pharmaceutical,
food supplement, and exercise and fashion industries.
1. finesteride
and minixidol are usually first line therapy for its treatment. Other options
include tropical or systemic spironolactone or flutamide, at through they have
a high incidence of feminizing side effects and better threated in female
androgenic hair loss.
A number of other
medication used commonly off label are dutasteride and ketokanazole and in
female androgenic alopecia spironolactone and flutamide.
Combination of
finesteride, minoxidol and ketokanazole are more effective than individual use,
suigesting synergistne effects of the medication
2 More advanced
cases may be resistant or unresponsiveness to medical therapy, however and
require hair transplantation.
Discussion
1.
As per Ayurveda Basti is mainly
indicated in Vata predominant diseases. The two types of abnormalities of
Vatanamely; Avaran and Dhatukshayjanya can be treated
by Basti karma. Direct application of this type of treatment to colon helps not
only in regulating and co-coordinating and Vatadosha in its site, but also
controls the other doshas involved in the pathogenesis of the disease
(S.S.Chi.35/6). Basti is used in Sakhagat, Tiyarkgamidosha, kosthagatrogas.
Among them panchtikta ksheera basti is anubasan Basti used in Asthi kaschaya.
As per ayurveda main sthana of vata is pakwashaya and according to
vagbhata asthidhara kala situated in the pakwashay so this Basti provide
nourishment to asthi and as we know hair is mala of asthi.
Charak also said that treatment of asthivikara is panchtikta sidhha Basti
.so this Basti prevent Asthi kschaya and prevent hair fall.
2-Ayurveda explains health as equilibrium
of the Dhatus "Dhatu
Samyam Arogata". Among the Dhatus, Asthi is blessed with the function
of Shareera Dharana. Any derangement in Asthi results in disease. Asthi Kshaya
is a condition in which there is Kshaya of the Asthi Dhatu. Asthi Kshaya may be
compared to Osteoporosis, in which there is a decrease in bone mass leading to
bone fragility and fractures. kesha and nkakha are malas of Asthi. so Asthi
kashya also promote hair fall . According to the principle of Ashrayaashrayee
Bhava, when Vata increases Asthi decreases because, both are inversely
proportional to each other. Classics mention the use of Basti prepared with
Tikta Dravya, Ksheera and Ghrita for the treatment of Asthi Kshaya. To assess
the efficacy of Tikta Ksheera Basti and kukkutand twaka Bhasma in the
management of alopecia, present study was undertaken on 30 patients of hair
fall.
Conclusion-
2. In Group - A significant result were obtained in hair fall
3.
In Group-B highly significant results were obtained
in hair fall
4. It was observed that relief in sign and
symptom of hair fall was found in the both group correlatively Group-B group
showed better result.
After study it is observed that the
drug is highly effective in both groups the percentage relief was more in group
-B. than in Group.
Pathyapthya-
Sr.
No.
|
Pathya
|
Apathya
|
1
|
Milk ,Egg , protein diet
Vit-c, Shigru, Laghu Aahaar , Ghrita, fruits
,almond , vitamin –E, black til tail and seed, mustard oil, sleep.
|
Pitta and rakta
parkopak aahaar. Nidra veg vidharana, purisha veg vidharana.
|
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